About Judy O'Connell

Educator, learner, blogger, librarian, technology girl, author and consultant. Transforming education and libraries. Innovation for life.

Students, technology and literacy

Students tend to be up-to-date with technology, and increasingly own an expensive range of personal items such as MP3 players, iPods, laptops and widescreen televisions according to a BBC News report last year. This is of course the whole thing about education and teachers – keeping up with the intuititive adoption of technology that earmarks the modern learning.

It begs the question – just how are young people are engaging with digital media – especially when it has not been designed to be explicitly educational. What are they learning in terms of skills, networking and collaboration? The way our students are using technology outside school is changing, and so are the ways they learn. Ultimately schools will need to respond to such ‘informal’ learning with digital media, games consoles, the internet and mobile phones.

The BBC news report March 2006 Experts seek 2020 vision, explains the focus of personalised learning for this ‘expert group’ investigation. The summary of their review charter looks like a brief that any education system can apply to their vision and thinking right now……

  • teaching and learning strategies, especially in literacy and numeracy
  • best use of setting and grouping
  • improving parental engagement
  • how personalised learning can close the achievement gap and boost social mobility
  • addressing the needs of gifted and talented children
  • use of ICT and pupil data to personalise learning
  • the potential for workforce reform to support personalisation
  • utilising flexibilities in the National Curriculum
  • collaboration between schools to deliver educational opportunities.

I find this brief curious and interesting for the possible connections – which I hope these ‘experts’ will make.

Literacy is of course a burning issue for humanity – and has always been so. It is important not to let this priority be swamped by the emerging trends in technology and social networking tools and gadgets.

Tom Peters in his ALA TechSource blog wrote a few posts recently that can be juxtaposed quite nicely in order to inform our thinking re 2020 vision:

Peter wrote:

” I think everyone agrees that reading words printed on paper, in solitude (even though there may be others around us, as in a library or on a subway), and in silence is currently the dominant reading mode. We can call this “PSS” reading: paper, solitude, silence. When youngsters first learn how to read, often they read out loud, even when they are alone, but they quickly learn that reading in silence is more socially acceptable, easier, and quicker.”

PPS reading has been the dominant mode of reading for the last several centuries.

Yes, and now things are changing, and digital media of various kinds are moving in on the reading ‘literacy’ scene. We need to recognise and work with these developments, moving beyond the discussions of the turn of the century years which focussed on ‘visual literacy’ and ‘digital literacy’. We must focus on literacy in various forms and in various access points. PPS reading is not the only true or exalted form of reading. But PPS reading still a core skill or technique – for the time being anyway.

Peter wrote:

” Our collective historical consciousness probably will come to realize and accept that, although the ascendancy and dominance of PSS reading was an historical fact that cannot be denied, there is nothing inherent in reading on paper that ipso facto makes that act superior to all other modes of reading.”

Switch now to PP ICE devices!!

Peter says

” The new age I see dawning is the age of the personal, portable information / communication / entertainment device. Granted, that’s a long gray name for a bright new age, but if you vocalize the acronym—PP ICE Device—it has certain melodious qualities.”

I agree with him – we DO need to take the device era seriously, because these devices, coupled with our technology access, mark (highlight?) our slide/transition into a new global era – which will become as radically different to what what before as the shift in society after the Gutenberg press.

We knew it was coming…Al Rogers and Marshal McLuhen were heralding the changes late last century. But now we can see the shape it is taking with the emergence of Web 2.0 technologies and social networking tools and structures. This was not understood or predicted.

The 20th century canvas painted with broad brush strokes is now being refined and defined with images of PP ICE devices!!

Web 2.0 and teaching

Recent read of Teaching.Hacks through my Bloglines aggregator (how much is there to catch up on!!) has brought an excellent tool to my attention – I am thrilled with the move to Wiki of the Teaching Hacks resource. Check it out right here.
I plan to add this Wiki to my PD toolkit. Useful points to highlight:

  • lots of connections to show the strong relationship between learing and teaching in a Web 2.0 world
  • An explanation of Creative Commons (for those who are new to the concept) and how this applies to schools and copyright issues
  • everything else you need – RSS, Social Bookmarking, messaging
  • innovative tools and how to use them
  • information literacy also rates a good mention

Any comments go directly to the blog which you will find here.

In addition, Quentin of Teaching.Hacks talked about Risk Taking Educators and Web 2.0.

” I am curious if those educators who are willing to post to blogs, collaborate in wikis, and generally participate in the read/write web are more likely to take risks than other educators. I’m thinking that I would see a strong correlation, but you never know.

I thought I would create an informal survey and base it on Gene Calvert’s Risk Attitudes Inventory.”

You might consider taking part in the survey.

Web 2.0 and searching!

While I have been away from my blogging my bloglines has filled to bursting with news and developments in the blogosphere. It will take a few weeks of intensive reading and thinking to get back on track.

However, a message in from ReadWrite Web is important to share to keep the discussion going about web searching and the technologies driving this. It is particularly important to be aware of changes and developments if we are working from a digital/information literacy focus with a view to supporting student research processes. We need to understand what is happening in the field, and be aware of the impact of changes on the strategies that we promote.

Read the full post from Read/Write Web, and learn about 3rd generation search technologies.

“Traditional search engines are (were?) based on information retrieval technologies. They implement operations such as boolean queries, proximity searches, text relevance and link analysis.”

“Third-generation search technologies are designed to combine the scalability of existing internet search engines with new and improved relevancy models; they bring into the equation user preferences, collaboration, collective intelligence, a rich user experience, and many other specialized capabilities that make information more productive.”

OK – then we had better start revising our information literacy strategies pronto to incorporate these changes.

Part two will be along soon!

Reading and Literacy

June 21 and I fly out of Australia heading for the School Library Assocation and their annual weekend conference being held this year at the University of Bath, UK, from Fri 23 – Sun 25 June. The program is entitled “If You’ve Got It, Flaunt It — Promoting School Libraries”.

Part of the SLA vision states “We believe that every pupil is entitled to effective school library provision”. I will be presenting two seminars on the topic:

“Learn to read, learn to succeed: developing literacy with Accelerated Reader”. The handout notes of the presentation are in the Resources link in this blog. The full presenation has lots of pictures that showed the kids in action – totally engrossed and loving the experience of reading!

The central premise of my presentation is that this particular program, unlike any other that I have come across, when used well, makes Library central to literacy and learning, above any other approach. No seperate reading program, no graded readers that sit in seperate boxes, no colour coding, nothing that creates a stigma. I hope to be able to share some of the experiences of teachers and librarians in Australian schools, and so help my British colleagues work out how best to use the program in their own schools.

The next port of call will be Lisbon, Portugal, 3-7th July for the annual conference of the International Assocation of School Librarianship. The theme of the conference this year is the Multiple Faces of Literacy. No presentation this time, as I will be involved with organisational things in my role as Vice President (Association Relations).

Web 2.0 changes everything!

Try telling everyone this! It is a great thing to discover what is changing around us with the uptake of Web 2.0 – but it is not always as easy to communicate this to people who are not engaged in these discoveries via the blogosphere.

A post from Doug at Borderland asks "terms like social and networking are used to describe the change, but what do those words mean?" Indeed! and it is not easy to explain this to newbies to Web 2.0. However, I would say that reading about and dipping into social networking tools is probably the best way to explain.

The paper from FutureLab looks at Social Software and Learning and the 'shape' of learning as a result of the transformation in the new technology environment of our students. However, the post by Doug draws together some of the key people and ideas. Read it – it will make you think. Also Dough alerts us to Blogging as Participation: The Active Sociality of a New Literacy, a paper that Colin Lankshear and Michele Knobel presented at a recent AERA conference demonstrates the difference between two of various possible mindsets regarding traditional and new classrooms.

I have found that the visual image of Web 2.0 – the extended mindcloud – has been a great visual starter at sessions I have run. 'Participation' and 'Remix' provide two good concepts to open up the discussion with people, before actually going into showing and discussing social software. I am also adding Michael's Academic 2.0 concept model to my discussion pool.

Take 'remix' as an example – and ask just how many kids now buy a CD or album, and listen to it in total, just as they bought it. Everyone understands that kids like to remix their music, and they like to deliver it to their ears via an mp3 player. This alone marks kids as different to the adult generation's experience of adolescence.

In schools we still need to 'introduce' teachers to new ways of thinking, organising and doing. Until we do that we will not see the required curriculum change to 'learning space', 'learning times'. The blogosphere is a great tool to point teachers to blogs that discuss, demonstrate, and showcase great school initiatives. I like squidoo and some wiki as well for this. Much easier than talking about it!

Curriculum As Connectivism

Roger Stack's recent post on curriculum as connectivism explores how the integral theory of AQAL relates to connectivism as a curriculum metaphor.

Roger talks about learning as network creation and how we might provide 'learning ecologies' to meet the needs of students and is exploring these ideas in the process of planning the implementation of the new Curriculum Framework in TAS.
He examines:

  • Curriculum as Content or Subjects
  • Curriculum as Discrete Tasks and Concepts
  • Curriculum as Experience
  • Curriculum as Cultural Reproduction
  • Curriculum as "Currere"
  • Curriculum as Intended Learning Outcomes
  • Curriculum as Connectivism.

He offers quite a compact journey through constructivism, and presents graphical representations of these. An excellent opportunity to revisit our thinking about curriculum in tandem with adressing the issues of curriculum as we repackage for a connected world.

Roger provides reading links that are also very useful. I have added Roger to my network at Del.ici.ous.

Innovating Collection Management for Web 2.0

I have spent some time recently absorbed with assessing papers written by students in a MAppSci (MLS) library program. The topic this time was the development of a Collection Management Policy.

This is not the first time that I have been involved with this topic – but it is the first time that I recognised that the extent of inequities in schools will make it impossible to establish good Web 2.0 or Library 2.0 practices, and will guarantee the loss of good school libraries and good teacher librarians.

The papers and presentations from the conference in Washington DC tell one side of the story. The papers I have been marking tell the other side of the story. What I have seen from some of the schools is some of the following:

  • teachers with no experience attempting to manage a quality school library
  • Principals who expect a school library to be run on a minimal budget of AU$3,000 to AU$4,000 per year
  • Poor collections, over 10 years old
  • DOS based library systems using OASIS software
  • qualified staff working for only a few days a week
  • qualified staff being used for RFF (relief from face-to-face teaching i.e. managing someone elses class by providing a 'library lesson')
  • lack of curriculum integration due to RFF
  • lack of collaborative planning and teaching

Worst of all is the fact that the policy framework can include criteria for managing digital resources – great! NO! these resources are websites, CDrom, intranets maybe. Is there any mention of Web 2.0 concepts or social software? No way! Did anyone mention a Wiki, or blog or Flickr image collections? I wish!

So we see the constraints that some people have to work with. We also see a total lack of awarness of the current digital agenda.

Are these some of the reasons why school libraries are 'not the flavour of the month' with some digitally savvy administrators ?? Who is missing the point? Us or them???

Might be worth reading The Value of Libraries from Stephen Abram, or helping save school library programs for learners by adding to the TeacherLibrian Wiki here.

Managing Digital: Innovations, Initiatives & Insights

The 21st Annual Computers in Libraries conference and exhibition was held in Washington, D.C., on March 22-24, 2006.

Computers in Libraries is the leading conference for librarians and information professionals who need to know about the latest technologies, equipment, software, and services available.

Even if you couldn't attend the Computers in Libraries 2006 Conference, you can read the articles, view the powerpoint prentations, listen to the podcasts, or visit the web sites of the many presenters including Debbie Abilock (of NoodleTools fame), Joyce Valenza, and Alice Yucht, all of whom have the school library perspective.

There are almost five dozen presentations. Topics include:

  • Plagiarism: Confrontation or Collaboration?
  • Virtual School Libraries and 21st-Century Service
  • We Get the Picture: Visual Literacy in the Media Center and Beyond
  • Podcasting 101
  • The Exploding Future of Social Communication
  • Searching the New Digital Formats
  • Using RSS for Really Savvy "Resourcery
  • How Bloglines Made Me Look Brilliant
  • Collaborative e-Learning communities
  • Failing to innovate – Not and option
  • Many more

Available from InfoToday here.

Cut and paste – a research skill in Web 2.0

I have been reading with interest the discussions on OZTL_NET about 'cut and paste – a research skill'. Opinions have varied about appropriate strategies to encourage critical examination of information, and best use of technology to facilitate gathering and analysing information. Concensus seems to support good use of Word and a web browser to achieve the required result.

The post from Barbara Combes from the School of Computer and Information Science at Edith Cowan University is worth sharing on this topic before pointing out future possibilities.

From Barbara:

How to be smart technology users and take notes?
Students are instructed to open a word document as well as the website.

First action – in the word doc create your bibliographic entry using whatever style your school endorses.

Second action – alt-tab to switch to the website. Copy and paste if you need to by copying, alt-tab to the word doc and paste. HIGHLIGHT the copied text to indicate that these are not your words.

Third action – underneath the copied text/graphic write a commentary -why did you copy it? What does it say? Why is it relevant to your studytopic. Why is this piece of information important.

Fourth action – all notes MUST be handed in as a portfolio with the final copy of the assignment AND these are included in the assessment rubric, along with the bibliographic data.

Two main criteria of the assessment rubric:

1. You MUST indicate the depth and breadth of your research by using intext referencing and an end of text reference list.

2. You MUST indicate your understandings by using your own words.If you fail to meet these 2 criteria then the assignment is worth NOTHING. It is only a collection of someone else's words and understandings. All the student has demonstrated is the skill to cut and paste using a keyboard.Students have a copy of the rubric BEFORE they begin the assignment (it is not supposed to be a mystery) and take time to ensure that they clearly understand what they have to do, expectations and consequences.

In other words – throw the responsibility for their learning back to the student. Professional development and the backing of your administration as a whole school approach is the only way to ensure that this approach will work and that studentswill learn how to use technology appropriately, efficiently andeffectively. Ask the teachers what they are assessing – student outcomesand undertandings or the ability to cut and paste?

Future developments will take the essence of this approach further, and be far more flexible, intutitive and embedded in best research practice of information professionals.

From the Centre of History and Media of George Mason University comes news of the 'educated browser' FireFox Scholar. According to this report the Web browser, the premier platform for research now and in the future, will achieve the kind of functionality that the users of libraries and museums would expect in an age of exponentially increasing digitization of their holdings,

" We are calling the project SmartFox: The Scholar's Web Browser, and it will enable the rich use of library and museum web collections with no cost—either in dollars, or probably more importantly, in secondary technical costs related to their web servers–to institutions. This set of tools will be downloadable and installable on any of the major open-source browsers related to the increasingly popular Firefox web browser: Firefox itself, Mozilla, and the latest versions of Netscape and the AOL browser (all based on the Firefox code base). SmartFox will enable users, with a single click, to grab a citation to a book, journal article, archival document, or museum object and store it in their browser. Researchers will then be able to take notes on the reference, link that reference to others, and organize both the metadata and annotations in ways that will greatly enhance the usefulness of, and the great investment of time and money in, the electronic collections of museums and libraries."

Read the full report here. It is also worth exploring some of their other tools here. 

RSS News Readers and Information Literacy

There is a lot of discussion around the Blogosphere about developments in RSS news readers, and ways to gather information. Seems to me that the whole notion of how we gather our ‘info-feeds’ is something that we should be looking at as an aspect of information literacy – particularly in the context of what we are doing in education. Need to do some digging on this.

Meanwhile, feed readers continue to develop, though the vote is still out on what the final and best solution will be.

” News readers are becoming more and more indispensable as people turn to blogs for their news – and even major news sites are making increasing use of RSS feeds. Being able to take that content wherever you go – online or offline, is going to become very important.”

Read Rich RSS Readers: best of breed picks from Richard McManus to understand your options, and perhaps review your choices.